排序方式： 共有24条查询结果，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
2.
甲壳素和壳聚糖通过其羟基,氨基形成化学键吸附有机物或作为聚阳离子型电解质絮凝有机物。其化学改性物亦有吸附絮凝有机物的性质,在印染、食品、生活污水及饮用水处理等方面有良好的应用前景 相似文献
3.
甲壳素是一类重要且应用广泛的天然高分子。海洋甲壳类加工副产物, 如虾壳、蟹壳等, 是甲壳素的重要来源之一, 常见的提取方法主要有化学法、酶法、微生物发酵法等, 其中微生物发酵法是一种依赖微生物发酵完成脱矿(DM)、脱蛋白(DP)过程的方法, 整个过程不引入任何化学试剂, 绿色无污染, 是解决目前甲壳素生产过程中酸、碱用量大导致污染严重的关键技术。本文综述了各种甲壳素提取方法及各种影响因素在提取过程对所得甲壳素性质的影响, 讨论了微生物发酵法的相关内容, 以期为相关研究提供理论支撑。 相似文献
4.
甲壳素对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
齐春惠 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2001,31(5):777-781
采用正交实验法 ,使用甲壳素 (粗制壳聚糖 ) ,研究温度、时间、吸附剂用量、酸度、盐效应对甲壳素吸附水中溶解的 Cr( )离子的吸附过程的影响 ,将实验结果进行极差分析 ,得到较优的吸附条件。实验结果表明 :在 p H =2、30℃、离子强度 5 mmol/ L的条件下 ,甲壳素对 Cr( )的最大吸附量为 13.1mg/ g。根据化学平衡及红外光谱分析结果表明 :甲壳素对 Cr( )的吸附主要是游离氨基静电吸附 Cr2 O2 -7,吸附符合 L angmuir吸附等温式 相似文献
5.
体外培养兔角膜上皮细胞和基质细胞,采用显微观察和MTT相结合的方法分析低分子量氨基糖(包括壳寡糖(chitosan)、羧甲基壳寡糖(Carboxymethyl chitosan oligosaccharide)、羧甲基甲壳寡糖(Carboxymethyl chitin oligosaccharide)、N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖(N-acetyl-glucosamine))对细胞生长的影响。结果在0~1000μg/mL浓度范围内4种氨基糖对角膜上皮细胞和基质细胞均没有细胞毒性,且均能促进角膜上皮细胞的生长,以壳寡糖和羧甲基甲壳寡糖效果最佳,二者与对照组相比均具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。壳寡糖、羧甲基甲壳寡糖和N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖能明显促进角膜基质细胞的生长,与对照组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.05),其中壳寡糖的促进作用最明显。提示低分子量氨基糖可适用于角膜细胞促生长的培养,为壳聚糖衍生物材料用于眼科研究提供一定的实验依据。 相似文献
6.
Calcium （Ca）, phosphorus （P）, and chitin are the main components of the exoskeleton of krill. Defluoridation of a solution of sodium fluoride （NaF） using calcium phosphate （Ca3（PO4）2） and chitin as defluoridation agents was studied. Orthogonal experiments were designed to find the optimum reaction conditions for defluoridation, to obtain the maximum defluoridation efficiency and fluoride removal capacity of calcium phosphate and chitin. At the same time, a comparison of the capacity of the two defluoridation agents was made. The results suggest that calcium phosphate has a far greater capability than chitin for the removal of fluoride （F） from water under similar reaction conditions. It is also suggested that Antarctic krill is likely to adsorb fluoride via compounds such as calcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, and other compounds of Ca and P with the general form （Ca, X）x（PO4, HPO4, Y）y（OH, Z）z, in addition to chitin. 相似文献
7.
This paper presents data on the isotopic compositions of individual carbohydrates which have been isolated from both living organisms and from a depositional environment. Through recent developments in chromatography, isolation of monosaccharides quantity for isotopic analysis is possible. Carbohydrates isolated from marine and terrestrial plants and animals have carbon isotopic compositions which clearly indicate biosynthetic processes which are recognized to be associated with isotopic fractionations during the incorporation and metabolism of carbon. Stable nitrogen isotopic compositions of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine, isolated from a variety of chitins, indicate a common fractionation of nitrogen which may be associated with transamination. This fractionation is estimated to be about –9%0 relative to the whole organism. Through the isotopic label, the source or history of an organic material may be traced through diagenesis. Further, production of non-indigenous carbohydrates, which may be associated with fungal or bacterial action, can be identified through depleted isotopic compositions. Xylose, for example, isolated from a peat, was approximately 8% more depleted in carbon than the whole peat or mannose isolated from the same peat. The isotopic distributions of carbohydrates isolated from living organisms are essential for the interpretation of those characterized in natural mixtures from an environment. 相似文献
8.
从虾壳中分离到一株乳杆菌BR-3,研究发现其最佳发酵起始pH为6.50,最佳培养温度为35℃,在此培养温度下达到对数生长期的时间为42h。采用乳杆菌发酵方法,进行了虾壳制备甲壳素的研究,比较了接种量、葡萄糖加入量、发酵时间等因素对产品质量的影响。结果表明,当接种量为10%、葡萄糖浓度为4.5%、固液比为1︰3、发酵温度为(35±2)℃、发酵时间为3—4d时,平均灰分去除率达95.67%,甲壳素产品灰分含量均小于6%,最低可达1%,产品质量等于或优于传统的酸碱生产方法。发酵液可部分或全部回收,洗涤废水可作下一轮发酵用水,生产废水接近零排放。虾壳乳酸发酵法生产甲壳素是一种清洁生产方法。BR-3培养时间短,培养条件粗放,温度和pH适应范围宽,产酸效率高,残糖少,适合于工业化生产。 相似文献
9.
10.
生物降解甲壳质的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
介绍了利用生物 (主要是微生物 )降解甲壳质的一些研究进展 ,着重讨论了在甲壳质降解中起重要作用的几丁质酶的基本性质和分子生物学特征。指出了生物处理海洋资源 ,开发有用活性物质的应用前景。 相似文献